多数语言 App 停在”词-译”配对。真正的流利需要搭配、语域和在真实句子里的间隔产出。下面 15 个 Prompt 把 AI 变成不会累的私教，适合任何目标语言。
适合哪些场景
自学语言学习者（A2-C1）、给学生设练习的私教、出国 / 出差前突击者、IELTS / TOEFL / DELE / JLPT / HSK 考生。
什么时候不建议这样写 Prompt
彻底零基础（CEFR A0-A1）还需要教材打语法地基。如果目标语言资源稀缺，AI 会编词，要慎用。
Prompt 结构公式
词汇 Prompt 一定要带这六个要素：
- 角色：AI 扮演谁——研究导师、同行评议人、考试教练、辩论对手、图书馆员。
- 上下文：水平、学科、deadline、论文数量、引用风格、课程或项目。
- 目标：一个具体交付物——12 道题、1 页文献矩阵、5 条反论、4 周复习计划。
- 限制：字数、深度、允许的来源类型、跳过什么、绝不主张什么。
- 输出格式：编号清单、表格、JSON 或分级块（E / M / H），能粘到 Notion / Anki / Word。
- 示例 / 信号：1-2 段参考或反例（“不要像维基那样讲”）。
这套 Prompt 适合用在哪
- 每日 15 分钟刷词
- 出行 / 开会前的主题词汇
- 语言考试词汇准备
- 从阅读中”采词”
- 会话前的产出热身
15 个可直接复制的 Prompt 模板
1. 一个词 + 5 个搭配
默认模板，搭配比孤立词重要。
You are a {target language} tutor. For the word "{word}", give 5 natural collocations a native speaker would use. For each: the collocation, an example sentence at {CEFR level}, and a 1-line note on register (formal / neutral / colloquial). End with one collocation a learner should AVOID because it sounds translated.可替换变量： target language, word, CEFR level
优化建议： 输出像词典时追加：“Prefer collocations from real spoken conversation. Skip ones that only appear in writing.”
2. 完形填空（10 题）
Generate 10 fill-in-the-blank sentences in {target language} at {CEFR level} using these words: {word list}. Each sentence should have only one natural answer. Put the answer key at the end. Use everyday topics.3. 易混词预警
For my native language {L1} and target language {L2}, list 8 false friends related to the topic {topic}. For each: the L1 word, the deceptive L2 word, the actual meaning of the L2 word, and one example showing the typical mistake.4. 语域切换器
For {target language}, give 6 ways to express "{concept}" ranging from very formal to very colloquial. For each: the phrase, a context where it is appropriate (job interview, with a friend, on a sign), and a context where it would sound wrong.5. 词族扩展
For the root "{word}" in {target language}, list its noun, verb, adjective, and adverb forms. For each: 1 example sentence at {CEFR level} and 1 common collocation. Mark any forms a learner can skip because they are rare.6. 主题词采集
Give me 25 vocabulary items in {target language} for the topic {topic} at {CEFR level}. Group by part of speech. For each: word, gloss in English, and 1 collocation. End with 3 items a learner often misses.7. 间隔回忆测验
Below are 20 vocab items I learned 3 days ago. Build a mixed retrieval quiz: 5 production items (give context, ask for the word), 5 recognition items (give word, ask for a paraphrase in {target language}), 5 cloze, 5 collocation gaps. Answer key at end.
{paste word list}8. 迷你对话练习
Write a 6-line dialogue in {target language} at {CEFR level} between {personas} that naturally uses these 6 words: {word list}. After the dialogue, list each word with its line number and a 1-sentence explanation.9. 发音重点
For these {N} {target language} words: {list}, mark the difficult sound for an {L1} speaker and give one minimal pair to drill it. Add 1 tongue-twister-style sentence per word.10. 习语 + 字面陷阱
Give 6 common idioms in {target language} on the topic {topic}. For each: idiom, literal English translation, actual meaning, and one situation where a learner would misuse it.11. 每日一词深挖
Build a "word of the day" sheet for "{word}" in {target language}: etymology in 1 sentence, 3 senses with examples, 4 collocations, 2 derived forms, 1 common mistake, 1 sample paragraph using the word naturally.12. 阅读采词
Below is a passage in {target language}. Pull out 10 words that would be useful for a {CEFR level} learner to add to their active vocabulary. For each: the word, the sentence it appeared in, a 1-line gloss, and 1 collocation.
{paste text}13. 写作修改 + 词汇升级
Below is my paragraph in {target language}. (1) Correct grammar in line. (2) Suggest 5 vocabulary upgrades where I used a basic word; show the upgrade plus 1 alternative collocation. Keep my voice.
{paste paragraph}14. 看图 / 场景描述
Describe a scene that requires using the words {word list} in {target language} at {CEFR level}. After describing, give me 5 prompts to describe my own version of the scene using as many of those words as possible.15. 周复盘报告
Based on these 30 words I studied this week: {paste}, give me a 1-page review: 5 words I likely already know, 10 I should drill more, 10 collocations I am still missing, 5 ready-to-use sentences combining them, and one mini-essay topic that would force me to use 15 of them.容易踩的坑
- 只记单词不记搭配——说出来”翻译腔”很重。
- 忽略语域——正式词混进闲聊里很尬。
- 只做识别不练产出——识别比回忆容易得多。
- 让 AI 编生僻词，遇到陌生输出务必查词典。
- 只在一个 CEFR 等级里打转——B1 也要 A2 巩固 + B2 拉伸。
- 孤立背词——每个词都要有上下文（搭配、句子、对话）。
- 当天反复刷——间隔回忆（3-5-7 天）效果更好。
优化技巧
- 永远问搭配，不只是翻译。
- 每个 Prompt 都注明 CEFR 等级，不写默认 B2。
- 用模板 12 从你真在读的文章里采 5-10 词。
- 每次测验混合识别与产出（模板 7）。
- 词汇本要有”正式 / 中性 / 口语”语域列。
- 每个新词都至少配一句你真的会说的话。
- 考试用模板 6 按题目分组；流利度用模板 12 从阅读里来。
FAQ
- 每周能真学多少词？: 上班族 15-25 个活用词比较现实；沉浸学生 40+。再多保留率会崩。
- 小语种 AI 准吗？: 英 / 西 / 法 / 德 / 日 / 中 / 韩很强，资源稀少的语言要查词典。
- 用 AI 还是 Anki？: 配合用。AI 生成更丰富的卡（搭配 + 例句），Anki 跑间隔重复。
- 哪些词值得学？: 打地基用频次表，目标导向用主题表，最相关的是你读到的真实文本里的词。
- 一个词多久能”活用”？: 通常 8-15 次间隔回忆 + 2-3 次产出尝试。AI 让你循环得更快。